Varroa (Varroatosis)Clinical manifestation: weak societies with dead bees in the hive and in front of it, some bees can't take off from the hive. Some larvae can't exit from brood cells. Deformities: atrophied wings with their unnatural position, stretched abdomen. Early form includes anxiety and bees falling on the floor.
Treatment: smoke compound with phenothiazine, apitol (systematic given perorally with sugar syrup). |
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Diagnosis: floor of the hive is observed and the parasite is spotted among debris since its visible with the naked eye. By detailed examination it can be determined that it has a flat oval shape with shield on its back. It's dark - reddish in color with hair and hooks on its body. It has 4 pairs of limbs and a mouth apparatus designed for sucking and stabbing. Note- Varroa's are a normal occurrence in most hives. Unless Invasion is too great no drastic action should be taken.
Pathoanatomical changes: Varroa is often attached on the bee's side, although it can be found on other parts as well.
Epizootology and etiology: caused by 'Varroa destructor' both larva, dolls and adult bees can contract this parasite. It feeds on hemolymph. It can be seen with the naked eye. Females parasite on adults while males parasite only in brood, where they die after mating. Their cycle begins in spring along with bee cycle - they lay their eggs in the cells of the bee brood - alongside the bee's eggs. Dolls of Varroa are feeding on the haemolymph of larva and dolls (of bees). Dolls then reach maturation, they mate (males die), females attach themselves on bees when they leave brood. When the bee dies (or shortly after) Varroa leaves the bee. This parasite can often be detected on bees but due to its nature it is not considered that much of a threat when it is compared to some other bee affections. If infestation of this parasite gets out of control however it can jeopardize entire bee society.
Pathoanatomical changes: Varroa is often attached on the bee's side, although it can be found on other parts as well.
Epizootology and etiology: caused by 'Varroa destructor' both larva, dolls and adult bees can contract this parasite. It feeds on hemolymph. It can be seen with the naked eye. Females parasite on adults while males parasite only in brood, where they die after mating. Their cycle begins in spring along with bee cycle - they lay their eggs in the cells of the bee brood - alongside the bee's eggs. Dolls of Varroa are feeding on the haemolymph of larva and dolls (of bees). Dolls then reach maturation, they mate (males die), females attach themselves on bees when they leave brood. When the bee dies (or shortly after) Varroa leaves the bee. This parasite can often be detected on bees but due to its nature it is not considered that much of a threat when it is compared to some other bee affections. If infestation of this parasite gets out of control however it can jeopardize entire bee society.
It should be noted that this parasite can also transmit some diseases (RNA viruses) such as deformed wing virus. This parasite is one of the factors contributing to colony collapse disorder.